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ICLR 2026 — Medical & Healthcare

Medical & Healthcare

108 papers (0 oral)

MedAgentGym: A Scalable Agentic Training Environment for Code-Centric Reasoning in Biomedical Data Science

Decentralized Attention Fails Centralized Signals: Rethinking Transformers for Medical Time Series

DCFold: Efficient Protein Structure Generation with Single Forward Pass

Scaling Atomistic Protein Binder Design with Generative Pretraining and Test-Time Compute

CounselBench: A Large-Scale Expert Evaluation and Adversarial Benchmarking of Large Language Models in Mental Health Question Answering

You Point, I Learn: Online Adaptation of Interactive Segmentation Models for Handling Distribution Shifts in Medical Imaging

Doctor-R1: Mastering Clinical Inquiry with Experiential Agentic Reinforcement Learning

Riemannian Variational Flow Matching for Material and Protein Design

Dual-Kernel Adapter: Expanding Spatial Horizons for Data-Constrained Medical Image Analysis

DeepSADR: Deep Transfer Learning with Subsequence Interaction and Adaptive Readout for Cancer Drug Response Prediction

GRAM-DTI: Adaptive Multimodal Representation Learning for Drug–Target Interaction Prediction

FlexRibbon: Joint Sequence and Structure Pretraining for Protein Modeling

Shrinking Proteins with Diffusion

Benchmarking ECG FMs: A Reality Check Across Clinical Tasks

Knowledgeable Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Personalized Medicine

Can we generate portable representations for clinical time series data using LLMs?

Joint Adaptation of Uni-modal Foundation Models for Multi-modal Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis

NurValues: Real-World Nursing Values Evaluation for Large Language Models in Clinical Context

Synthesizing High-Quality Visual Question Answering from Medical Documents with Generator-Verifier LMMs

Scalable Spatio-Temporal SE(3) Diffusion for Long-Horizon Protein Dynamics

MMedAgent-RL: Optimizing Multi-Agent Collaboration for Multimodal Medical Reasoning

DrugTrail: Interpretable Drug Discovery via Structured Reasoning and Druggability‑Tailored Preference Optimization

Fusing Pixels and Genes: Spatially-Aware Learning in Computational Pathology

TumorChain: Interleaved Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Traceable Clinical Tumor Analysis

Medical thinking with multiple images

VenusX: Unlocking Fine-Grained Functional Understanding of Proteins

SYNC: Measuring and Advancing Synthesizability in Structure-Based Drug Design

Constrained Diffusion for Protein Design with Hard Structural Constraints

GeomMotif: A Benchmark for Arbitrary Geometric Preservation in Protein Generation

Rigidity-Aware Geometric Pretraining for Protein Design and Conformational Ensembles

Drugging the Undruggable: Benchmarking and Modeling Fragment-Based Screening

Beyond Ensembles: Simulating All-Atom Protein Dynamics in a Learned Latent Space

Dynamics-inspired Structure Hallucination for Protein-protein Interaction Modeling

1435. Monotone Near-Zero-Sum Games: A Generalization of Convex-Concave Minimax

  • Topics: Optimization & Training Methods

LC-PLM: Long-context Protein Language Modeling Using Bidirectional Mamba with Shared Projection Layers

1437. High-Probability Bounds for the Last Iterate of Clipped SGD

  • Topics: Other / Unclassified

CARE: Towards Clinical Accountability in Multi-Modal Medical Reasoning with an Evidence-Grounded Agentic Framework

Improving 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Medical Imaging with Inter‑Slice Consistent Stochasticity

Can SAEs reveal and mitigate racial biases of LLMs in healthcare?

Language Agents for Hypothesis-driven Clinical Decision Making with Reinforcement Learning

CRONOS: Continuous time reconstruction for 4D medical longitudinal series

Flow Autoencoders are Effective Protein Tokenizers

LiveClin: A Live Clinical Benchmark without Leakage

SimpleFold: Folding Proteins is Simpler than You Think

COMPASS: Robust Feature Conformal Prediction for Medical Segmentation Metrics

Boosting Medical Visual Understanding From Multi-Granular Language Learning

K-Prism: A Knowledge-Guided and Prompt Integrated Universal Medical Image Segmentation Model

Cross-Timestep: 3D Diffusion Model with Trans-temporal Memory LSTM and Adaptive Priori Decoding Strategy for Medical Segmentation

BioTamperNet: Affinity-Guided State-Space Model Detecting Tampered Biomedical Images

PRISM: Enhancing PRotein Inverse Folding through Fine- Grained Retrieval on Structure-Sequence Multimodal Representations

Multi-state Protein Sequence Design with DynamicMPNN

Controllable Sequence Editing for Biological and Clinical Trajectories

Fast Proteome-Scale Protein Interaction Retrieval via Residue-Level Factorization

GALAX: Graph-Augmented Language Model for Explainable Reinforcement-Guided Subgraph Reasoning in Precision Medicine

One protein is all you need

Tokenization to Transfer: Do Genomic Foundation Models Learn Good Representations?

From Medical Records to Diagnostic Dialogues: A Clinical-Grounded Approach and Dataset for Psychiatric Comorbidity

Bridging Radiology and Pathology Foundation Models via Concept-Based Multimodal Co-Adaptation

Resp-Agent: An Agent-Based System for Multimodal Respiratory Sound Generation and Disease Diagnosis

M3CoTBench: Benchmark Chain-of-Thought of MLLMs in Medical Image Understanding

ATPO: ADAPTIVE TREE POLICY OPTIMIZATION FOR MULTI-TURN MEDICAL DIALOGUE

ProteinAE: Protein Diffusion Autoencoders for Structure Encoding

SpineBench: A Clinically Salient, Level-Aware Benchmark Powered by the SpineMed-450k Corpus

Learning residue level protein dynamics with multiscale Gaussians

Medical Interpretability and Knowledge Maps of Large Language Models

Property-Driven Protein Inverse Folding with Multi-Objective Preference Alignment

KGOT: Unified Knowledge Graph and Optimal Transport Pseudo-Labeling for Molecule-Protein Interaction Prediction

Fast and Interpretable Protein Substructure Alignment via Optimal Transport

CAPSUL: A Comprehensive Human Protein Benchmark for Subcellular Localization

Controlling Repetition in Protein Language Models

PathChat-SegR1: Reasoning Segmentation in Pathology via SO-GRPO

La-Proteina: Atomistic Protein Generation via Partially Latent Flow Matching

Reverse Distillation: Consistently Scaling Protein Language Model Representations

Towards Understanding the Shape of Representations in Protein Language Models

Anatomy-aware Representation Learning for Medical Ultrasound

Healthcare Insurance Fraud Detection via Continual Fiedler Vector Graph Model

MedAraBench: Large-scale Arabic Medical Question Answering Dataset and Benchmark

Towards Text-Mask Consistency in Medical Image Segmentation

Rethinking Model Calibration through Spectral Entropy Regularization in Medical Image Segmentation

PoseX: AI Defeats Physics-based Methods on Protein Ligand Cross-Docking

SAIR: Enabling Deep Learning for Protein-Ligand Interactions with a Synthetic Structural Dataset

Greater than the Sum of Its Parts: Building Substructure into Protein Encoding Models

Protein Structure Tokenization via Geometric Byte Pair Encoding

Efficient Prediction of Large Protein Complexes via Subunit-Guided Hierarchical Refinement

Moving Beyond Medical Exams: A Clinician-Annotated Fairness Dataset of Real-World Tasks and Ambiguity in Mental Healthcare

Random Anchors with Low-rank Decorrelated Learning: A Minimalist Pipeline for Class-Incremental Medical Image Classification

KnowGuard: Knowledge-Driven Abstention for Multi-Round Clinical Reasoning

AbdCTBench: Learning Clinical Biomarker Representations from Abdominal Surface Geometry

MedVR: Annotation-Free Medical Visual Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learning

MedLesionVQA: A Multimodal Benchmark Emulating Clinical Visual Diagnosis for Body Surface Health

Repurposing Foundation Model for Generalizable Medical Time Series Classification

How Do Medical MLLMs Fail? A Study on Visual Grounding in Medical Images

CerebraGloss: Instruction-Tuning a Large Vision-Language Model for Fine-Grained Clinical EEG Interpretation

AttTok: Marrying Attribute Tokens with Generative Pre-trained Vision-Language Models towards Medical Image Understanding

Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma Guided Network for Efficient 3D Medical Segmentation

RankFlow: Property-aware Transport for Protein Optimization

Pallatom-Ligand: an All-Atom Diffusion Model for Designing Ligand-Binding Proteins

ProTDyn: A Foundation Protein Language Model for Thermodynamics and Dynamics Generation

Refine Drugs, Don’t Complete Them: Uniform-Source Discrete Flows for Fragment-Based Drug Discovery

Representing local protein environments with machine learning force fields

Histopathology-Genomics Multi-modal Structural Representation Learning for Data-Efficient Precision Oncology

Battery Fault: A Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Battery Fault Diagnosis

MedAgent-Pro: Towards Evidence-based Multi-modal Medical Diagnosis via Reasoning Agentic Workflow

Modeling the Density of Pixel-level Self-supervised Embeddings for Unsupervised Pathology Segmentation in Medical CT

MedGMAE: Gaussian Masked Autoencoders for Medical Volumetric Representation Learning